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Step-by-Step Tutorial
PRACTICAL WALKTHROUGH · PARAMETERS · COMMON MISTAKES
Acetic acid fermentation converts ethanol to acetic acid via aerobic oxidation by acetic acid bacteria.
Origin: ancient Chinese (c. 2600 BCE) — East Asia
See full technique reference →The process relies on Acetobacter spp. oxidizing ethanol (C₂H₅OH) to acetic acid (CH₃COOH) in the presence of dissolved oxygen. It requires a mildly acidic environment (pH 4–5) and temperatures between 20–30 °C to maintain bacterial activity and product quality.
Primary Reaction
C₂H₅OH + O₂ → CH₃COOH + H₂O
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