What You Need to Know
During fermentation, lactic acid bacteria such as Lactobacillus plantarum and Leuconostoc mesenteroides metabolize millet starch into lactic acid, lowering the pH from ~6.5 to ≤4.0 within 24 h. The process also produces trace amounts of ethanol (<0.3 % w/w) and contributes to the beverage’s flavor profile. The acidification rate is highly temperature‑dependent, with optimal activity at 25‑30 °C.
The Science
Primary Reaction
Starch → Lactic acid (and minor ethanol)