What You Need to Know
The 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser creates 20‑50 µm micro‑grooves that raise surface area by ~30 %. Localized temperature spikes of 250‑350 °C for 5‑20 ms induce surface‑only Maillard chemistry, forming melanoidins, pyrazines, furans, and aldehydes that enhance flavor. Precise control of fluence, power, and scan speed is essential to avoid charring, protein cracking, and moisture loss.
The Science
Primary Reaction
Maillard reaction