Build-Up of a 3D Organogel Network within the Bilayer Shell of Nanoliposomes. A Novel Delivery System for Vitamin D<sub>3</sub>: Preparation, Characterization, and Physicochemical Stability
Fatemeh Ghiasi, Mohammad Hadi Eskandari, Mohammad‐Taghi Golmakani, Ramón G. Rubio, Francisco Ortega
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Abstract
The inherent thermodynamic instability of liposomes during production and storage has limited their widespread applications. Therefore, a novel structure of food-grade nanoliposomes stabilized by a 3D organogel network within the bilayer shell was developed through the extrusion process and successfully applied to encapsulate vitamin D<sub>3</sub>. A huge flocculation and a significant reduction of zeta potential (-17 mV) were observed in control nanoliposomes (without the organogel shell) after 2 months of storage at 4 °C, while the sample with a gelled bilayer showed excellent stability with a particle diameter of 105 nm and a high negative zeta potential (-63.4 mV), even after 3 months. The development of spherical vesicles was confirmed by TEM. Interestingly, the gelled bilayer shell led to improved stability against osmotically active divalent salt ions. Electron paramagnetic resonance confirmed the higher rigidity of the shell bilayer upon gelation. The novel liposome offered a dramatic increase in encapsulation efficiency and loading of vitamin D<sub>3</sub> compared to those of control.
Extracted Claims
4 claims extracted from this paper into the knowledge graph
nanoliposomes with a gelled bilayer offer dramatic increase in encapsulation efficiency and loading of vitamin D3
“The novel liposome offered a dramatic increase in encapsulation efficiency and loading of vitamin D3 compared to those of control”
nanoliposomes with a gelled bilayer have higher rigidity of the shell bilayer
“Electron paramagnetic resonance confirmed the higher rigidity of the shell bilayer upon gelation”
nanoliposomes with a gelled bilayer show excellent stability
“while the sample with a gelled bilayer showed excellent stability with a particle diameter of 105 nm and a high negative zeta potential (-63.4 mV), even after 3 months”