Dietary fish and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids intake and cancer survival: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Yi Wang, Ke Liu, Tingting Long, Jieyi Long, Ying Li, Jiaoyuan Li +1 more
Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition
Abstract
Fish and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have been suggested to play a role in improving cancer prognosis. However, results from epidemiological studies remain inconsistent. Here we assess the association between dietary fish and/or omega-3 PUFAs intake and cancer prognosis with meta-analysis of observational studies. A systematic search of related publications was performed using PubMed and Web of Science databases. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were extracted and then pooled using a random-effect model. Potential linear and non-linear dose-response relationships were explored using generalized least squares estimation and restricted cubic splines. As a result, 21 cohort studies were included in our analysis. Compared to the lowest category, the highest category of fish intake was associated with a significant lower mortality in patients with ovarian cancer (<i>n</i> = 1, HR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.57-0.95) and overall cancer (<i>n</i> = 12, HR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.81-0.94). Marine omega-3 PUFAs intake rather than total omega-3 PUFAs intake showed significant protective effects on survival of overall cancer (<i>n</i> = 8, HR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.71-0.94), in particular prostate cancer (<i>n</i> = 2, HR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.46-0.82). Dose-response meta-analysis indicated a nonlinear and a linear relationship between fish intake, as well as marine omega-3 PUFAs intake, and overall cancer survival, respectively. In conclusion, our analysis demonstrated a protective effect of dietary fish and marine omega-3 PUFAs consumption on cancer survival.
Extracted Claims
3 claims extracted from this paper into the knowledge graph
marine omega-3 PUFAs intake showed significant protective effects
“Marine omega-3 PUFAs intake rather than total omega-3 PUFAs intake showed significant protective effects on survival of overall cancer (<i>n</i> = 8, HR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.71-0.94), in particular prost...”
dose-response meta-analysis indicated nonlinear and linear relationships
“Dose-response meta-analysis indicated a nonlinear and a linear relationship between fish intake, as well as marine omega-3 PUFAs intake, and overall cancer survival, respectively.”
dietary fish intake associated with significant lower mortality
“Compared to the lowest category, the highest category of fish intake was associated with a significant lower mortality in patients with ovarian cancer (<i>n</i> = 1, HR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.57-0.95) and ...”