Total Phenol Analysis: Automation and Comparison with Manual Methods
Karen Slinkard, Vernon L. Singleton
American Journal of Enology and Viticulture
Abstract
A fully automated-continuous flow 40-sample/ hour procedure was adapted from the Singleton-Rossi method of analysis for total phenols in wine and other plant extracts. It was compared with small-volume manual and semiautomated versions of this analysis. The agreement in mg of gallic acid equivalent phenol (GAE) per liter among a series of dry wines was excellent by all three procedures. The coefficients of variation in replicate analyses averaged 5.8% for the manual, 6.2% for the semi-automated and 2.2% for the automated procedure. This greater reproducibility, plus savings of about 70% in labor and up to 40% in reagents, makes the automated procedure attractive for laboratories doing enough total phenol analyses to recoup the cost of the automating equipment. For continuous flow, color development with the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent in alkaline solution must be hastened by heating compared to slower room temperature development for the manual methods. Heating of sugar-containing samples in the alkaline solution gives interference presumably from endiol formation. Examples are given of corrections which were used successfully to estimate the true phenol content of sweet wines.
Extracted Claims
4 claims extracted from this paper into the knowledge graph
automated-continuous flow procedure adapted from Singleton-Rossi method
“A fully automated-continuous flow 40-sample/ hour procedure was adapted from the Singleton-Rossi method of analysis for total phenols in wine and other plant extracts.”
automated procedure reduced labor and reagents
“This greater reproducibility, plus savings of about 70% in labor and up to 40% in reagents, makes the automated procedure attractive for laboratories doing enough total phenol analyses to recoup the c...”
color development hastened by heating
“For continuous flow, color development with the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent in alkaline solution must be hastened by heating compared to slower room temperature development for the manual methods.”