Tapioca Starch Improves the Quality of Virgatus nemipterus Surimi Gel by Enhancing Molecular Interaction in the Gel System

Abstract

The gel prepared using <i>Nemipterus virgatus</i> (<i>N. virgatus</i>) surimi alone still has some defects in texture and taste. Complexing with polysaccharides is an efficient strategy to enhance its gel properties. The main objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between the gel quality and molecular interaction of <i>N. virgatus</i> surimi gel after complexing with tapioca starch. The results make clear that the gel strength, hardness, and chewiness of surimi gel were increased by molecular interaction with tapioca starch. At the appropriate addition amount (12%, <i>w</i>/<i>w</i>), the surimi gel had an excellent gel strength (17.48 N), water-holding capacity (WHC) (89.01%), lower cooking loss rate (CLR) (0.95%), and shortened <i>T</i>₂ relaxation time. Microstructure analysis indicated that the addition of tapioca starch facilitated even distribution in the gel network structure, resulting in a significant reduction in cavity diameter, with the minimum diameter reduced to 20.33 μm. In addition, tapioca starch enhanced the hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction in the gel system and promoted the transformation of α-helix to β-sheet (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the increased physicochemical properties of surimi gel were closely related to the enhanced noncovalent interactions. In conclusion, noncovalent complexation with tapioca starch is an efficient strategy to enhance the quality of surimi gel.