Enhancing 3D Printing Performance and Product Quality Through the Valorization of Food By‐Products and Waste

Abstract

This review systematically explores the emerging use of food by-stream materials in 3D printing (3DP) applications, addressing the pressing need for sustainable resource utilization in the food sector. The review evaluates the potential of food by-products and waste, ranging from agricultural, animal, marine, microbial fermented biomass, and filamentous-fungi by-products to food consumption waste, for integration into 3DP techniques like fused deposition modeling, paste extrusion, direct ink writing, and selective laser sintering. Utilizing the PRISMA 2020 framework, a comprehensive literature analysis identified 80 relevant studies, categorized by material type and application. The findings indicate that plant-based by-stream materials encompassing sources like vegetable residues, fruit p