Multifunctional metal-phenolic network-based hybrid materials: advanced engineering composites for food packaging applications

Abstract

Abstract Metal-phenolic networks (MPNs) have emerged as versatile biomaterials due to their unique physicochemical properties, including biocompatibility, tunable functionality, and robust mechanical performance. These attributes make MPNs promising candidates for revolutionizing food packaging materials, addressing challenges such as spoilage, sustainability, and safety. This review explores the application of MPNs in advanced food packaging, focusing on their synthesis, structural characteristics, and functional properties. We examine recent studies on MPN-based films, coatings, and composites, highlighting their role in enhancing barrier properties, antimicrobial activity, and environmental sustainability. The review also discusses fabrication techniques and potential industrial scalabi