Artificial intelligence films for dynamic and sustainable preservation of high-value fruits.

Abstract

Maintaining the postharvest quality of high-value fruits during storage and transportation remains a major challenge due to respiration imbalance, microbial infection, and environmental fluctuations. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI)-driven film technologies provide an innovative strategy for dynamic and sustainable fruit preservation. By integrating natural polymer substrates such as chitosan, sodium alginate, and cellulose with intelligent responsive agents and AI algorithms, these intelligent films can sense and adapt to changes in temperature, humidity, and gas composition in real time. Machine learning assisted design enables predictive optimization of material composition, gas permeability, and active release kinetics, while embedded sensors and digital-twin systems support closed-loop regulation of the microenvironment. This review summarizes the progress of AI-integrated films from material design to process control and application, highlighting their adaptive gas modulation, pH-responsiveness, antibacterial performance, and mechanical robustness. The synergistic integration of materials science, AI, and food technology is paving the way toward next-generation intelligent packaging systems for precise and sustainable fruit preservation of high-value fruits.